Japanese Explain this a little...

Can someone explain the meaning of this part a little for me? It's a little too complex for me to understand...there's also words that I don't understand. But I would love if you could help me with this! Explain it in other words.

< Supplement > Particle "wa " and "ga"
The subject of a sentence is followed by either "wa" or "ga".
You should know which is which in each case. So, here is the basic rule.

The particle "ga" is used ,whenever the subject is solely and exclusively connoted by the predicate,
or in other words, whenever what is meant by the predicate is exclusively and exhaustively identified
with the subject. Otherwise, "wa" must be used instead.
The particle "wa " has a function to indicate the subject of a sentence. But, main function of "wa"
is "topical""thematic"etc. which refers the listener to a preceding word as a theme or topic in the
whole context.

Sample 1, Watashi wa Tanaka desu. / Watashi ga Tanaka desu.

The phrase"watashi ga --" has a nuance of "only " or "nothing but" .
That implies the meaning of "Mr Tanaka is me." But, the phrase "watashi wa--" has no such a nuance.
Instead, this sentence sounds like " As for me,my name is Tanaka "in the meaning.

Sample 2, Hon wa koko ni arimasu / Hon ga koko ni arimasu.

The phrase "Hon wa--" is used after the questioner asks the place where the book is situated.
It means the respondent uses this phrase as a referential of whole context. So, this particle "wa"
isn't used to show "Hon" as a subject of this sentence. When using particle "wa" as a reference
to answer a question, you can even omit the part of "--wa". ( You can say "Koko ni arimasu")
But, in case of "Hon ga--" , " Hon" is a real subject of the sentence. So, you can't
omit this part of the sentence.

<"ga"with interrogatives>
When the subject of a sentence is an interrogative like "dare (who)", "nani(what)"
The particle"ga" is always used as a subject indicator particle.
( e.g "Dare ga imasuka""Donata gaTanaka-san desuka")
And when answering for this kind of question , the particle "ga" is used to indicate the subject of
a sentence,too. ( e.g "Donata ga Tanaka-san desuka "=> Answer "Watashi ga Tanaka desu." )

 

um...ok..in simpler terms:

"ga" is used when there is a definate subject...as in the subject does not change. Its like saying "watashi ga Tanaka desu" as "I AM Tanaka". This gives it a more definate accent to the subject, which is 'me'. (am i making sense? ^^; )

as for "wa", its not as definate. "watashi ha Tanaka desu" is like "As for me, I am Tanaka". The subject here is more on 'Tanaka' than 'me'

The next example is the same.
"Hon wa koko ni arimasu"
HERE is a book - this gives more emphasis on the location of the book, rather than the book itself.

"Hon ga koko ni arimasu"
A BOOK is here.


I hope that makes more sense ^^;;;

 

It just might!!! Thanks!
Arigatou gozaimasu! ^^;

 

An amusing note regarding the difficulties foreigners have with 'wa' and 'ga'...
There was a guy I knew who was learning the language by immersion (moved to Japan and everything) who was completely baffled by those particles... what he wound up doing was creating a 'wa/ga'meter... a six-sided die with 'wa' on three of the sides and 'ga' on the other three.

Truthfully though, 'ga' emphasizes the subject, while 'wa' emphasizes the predicate. For instance, if you wanted to answer 'who came?' you would use 'ga'. However, if you wanted to answer 'did Tanaka-san come?' you'd use 'wa'.

-UK
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Once again providing confusion at discount prices!

 

Yes...but it was a little hard english there ^^;
I couldn't quite figure it out....